FlexBox : -

Flexbox is a property of CSS for making a flexible box, but it is the older version. Nowadays. Flex is used in place of flexbox; we can also use inline flex.

Flex: -

Flex is a property of CSS which helps us to make perfect layout of all items in container. By using flex , we can use some properties of flex in CSS to setting up the directions , alignment etc.

Properties of Flex : -

The properties of flex is based on two terms i.e

• Parent
• Child

Properties for Parent : -

In this, the properties of Flex are given in the container and all the items will get affected by the property given in Parent.

Container is the Parent and items are children

display

By default, all the items will cover the block area, so it is required to give property display as flex. so that all the items will start work accordingly. Container can be class or id or any tag which is performing the role of parent and contains child in it.

Syntax :-

body
{
  display:flex;
}
.container 
{
    display:flex;
}

#container
{
    display:flex;
}

Before display : flex

After display : flex

flex-direction

Flex-direction is the property which tells the element in which position they need to be get aligned either it's in row or column.

flex-direction contains four values in it i.e., row, row-reverse, column, column-reverse, By default, it is row.

Syntax :-

container 
{
    display:flex;
    flex-direction: row | row-reverse | column | column-reverse;
}

• row: -

The elements got aligned in row in starting of the flex from item 1 to item n^th.

Syntax :-

container 
{
    display:flex;
    flex-direction: row;
}

Example :-

- row-reverse: -

The elements got aligned in row in starting of the flex from item 1 to item n^th.

Syntax :-

container 
{
    display:flex;
    flex-direction: row-reverse;
}

Example :-

• column: -

The elements got aligned in column in the starting of flex from item 1 to item n^th.

Syntax :-

container 
{
    display:flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

Example:-

• column-reverse: -

The items got aligned in a column but in reverse order or we can say the alignment will start from the end from item 1 to item n^th.

Syntax :-

container 
{
    display:flex;
    flex-direction: column-reverse;
}

Example

Scroll down to see the result.

flex-wrap

In flex , all the items got aligned in one-line and if we add some items in the flex it also add them in the same by reducing the width of the other items to get the new item adjusted in the same line.But some time we want to add some new items in the new line rather than to add them in the same line For that purpose, we will use the flex property “flex-wrap”.

flex-wrap contains three values in it i.e. wrap , nowrap, wrap-reverse, By default, it is nowrap.

Now, if we add some items or boxes it will reduce the previous one's width and fits in the one line only,either we provide the width explicitly or not.

Syntax:-

container
{
display : flex ;
flex-wrap : no wrap | wrap |wrap-reverse;
}

Example :- Uncomment the remaining code and see the difference between no wrap and wrap.

• wrap :-

It will take the another line if the items excess to get fit in one line. The items got aligned in the row-order only.

The space between the lines will be according to the container's height only.

Syntax :-

container
{
  display:flex;
  flex-wrap:wrap;

Example :-

• wrap-reverse:-

It will also take the another line if the items excess to get fit in one line but in reverse order. In simple words, the items got aligned in row order but from the bottom of the container

Syntax :-

container
{
  display:flex;
  flex-wrap:wrap-reverse;

Example :-

Uncomment the CSS code to see the result of nowrap also.

justify-content

justify-content is the property of flex which shuffle up the items of container horizontally. There are many value are used in justify-content.

By default, justify-content value is flex-start.

Syntax :-

container
{
    justify-content: flex-start | flex-end | center | left | right | start | end | space-around | space-between | space-evenly; 
}

- flex-start

flex- start works as a direction “row”, it will align the items from the starting of the row.

Syntax :-

container
{
    display:flex;
    justify-content: flex-start; 
}

Example :-

• flex-end

flex- end will align the items from the end of the row but from item n^th to item 1.

Syntax :-

container
{
     display:flex;
    justify-content: flex-end; 
}

Example :-

Scroll right to see the result.

- center

center will align the items in the center of the container.

Syntax :-

container
{
    display:flex;
    justify-content: center; 
}

Example :-

Scroll right to see the result.

- left or start

left will align the items in the left side of the container.

If we give the flex-direction with justify-content, it will start behaving according to the values of flex-direction. we can also use "start" value . It behaves in the same way as left.

Syntax :-

container
{
    display:flex;
    justify-content: left;  /* start */
}

Example :-

Uncomment the code one by one to see the different result.

- right or end

right will align the items in the right side of the container.

If we give the flex-direction with justify-content, it will start behaving according to the values of flex-direction. we can also use "end" value . It behaves in the same way as right.

But there is one difference between both right and end that when we give the flex-direction as column or column-reverse in justify-content :right it will stop working means items got aligned according to flex-direction value, but in the end value the items got aligned from the end of the container.

Syntax :-

container
{
    display:flex;
    justify-content: right;  /* end */
}

Example :-

• space-around

space-around will align the items with space around in each item that means each item will contain space from right and left without specifying them according to the container.

Syntax :-

container
{
    display:flex;
    justify-content: space-around;
}

Example :-

- space-between

space-between will align the items with space between in each item that means each item will contain space in between two items only.

Syntax :-

container
{
    display:flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
}

Example

• space-evenly

space-evenly will align all the items with equal amount of space from right and left of the item.

Syntax :-

container
{
    display:flex;
    justify-content: space-evenly;
}

Example :-

• align

There are two properties for with name align in parent properties.

• align-items
• align-content

• align-items

align-items is working as property justify-content but the difference is that, align-items will align the items vertically.

Some of the values are also same as in justify-content.

Syntax :-

container
{
    display:flex;
    align-items: flex-start | flex-end | center | stretch;
}

• flex-start

The items aligned at the starting of the flex container.

• flex-end The items aligned at the starting of the flex container (vertically).

• center

The items aligned in the middle of the flex container (vertically).

• stretch

stretch will work until we give height of the item.

Before giving height :-

After giving height :-`According to height given in height property.

Example :-

• align-content

align-content will align the lines vertically(the whole line of the container), it will work on multiple lines. So,it is necessary to use multiple lines to see the result of align-content.

To use multiple line, we need to use "flex-wrap : wrap or wrap-reverse" . because "nowrap" will give no effect to result.

Syntax :-

container
{
    display:flex;
    align-content: flex-start | flex-end | center | stretch | space-around | space-between ;
    flex-wrap: wrap ;   /* wrap-reverse */
}

• flex-start

The items aligned at the starting of the flex container.

• flex-end The items aligned at the end of the flex container (vertically).

• center

The items aligned in the middle of the flex container (vertically).

• space-around

space-around will align the items with space around in each line that means each line will contain space from top and bottom without specifying them according to the container.

• space-between

space-between will align the items with space between in each line that means each line will contain space in between two lines only.

• stretch

stretch will work until we give height of the item.

Before giving height :-

After giving height :-`According to height given in height property.

Example :- Uncomment the code one by one to see the result.

Properties for Child: -

In this, the properties of Flex are given in the child and that particular the items will get affected by the property given instead of all the items.

Syntax

container
{
    display:flex
}
item
{
    properties : value;
}

• order

  order property will work on the order of alignment of items. In simple words, we can say that initial order of all the items is 0 and can be increased by infinite value according to the items. By using order property, we can change the order of each item as per our requirements.

It works as mostly as a graph.

Suppose we have only 10 items and how we can give order 100 to any item. But it will work as that particular item having order 100 will be shifted at the end. This is how it works.

For main Axis(Horizontal) : -

For cross Axis(Vertical) :-

Note :- The initial order for all the items will be zero & Only the items with order will change their order other items will remain at the same order value i.e 0. but will change the position.

Now, if we change the order of item2 as 1 and item1 as 2 . It will come like the below image.

or, if we give the order of item2 as -2 and item1 as -1. The result will be :-

Syntax :-

container 
{
  display:flex;
}
item
{
  order: 0 | 1 | 2 |........| infinite; /*negative values are allowed */ 
}

Example :-

• flex-grow

   flex-grow will increase the size of particular item by number of times. Initial value of flex-grow is 1.
  

If we give flex-grow :2, the size of that item will increase two times of the other item and value goes upto infinite but according to the items present.

With value 1,2,3 and 4

With value 1,6,7 and 8

.

it will adjust the width of all the items according to the width of the container.

Syntax

container 
{
  display:flex;
}
item
{
     flex-basis: value; /* as we set in width or height */
    flex-grow:1 | 2| 3 ......| infinite ; /* negative values are invalid*/
}

Example :-

• flex-shrink

  flex-shrink will decreases the size of items. The initial value of flex-shrink is 1.

We need to set the width of flex-basis of all the items to see the result of flex-shrink. flex-basis is the property to set the width of the items for flex-grow and flex-shrink.

Syntax :-

container 
{
  display:flex;
}
item
{
    flex-basis: value; /* as we set in width or height */
    flex-grow:1 | 2| 3 ......| infinite ; /* negative values are invalid*/

Example :-

• align-self

This property will align the specified items in vertical manner (on cross-axis).It works as align-items but the difference is that it will align the particular item instead of all items.

It has mainly five values :

Syntax :-

container
{
    display:flex;   
}
item
{
    align-content: auto | flex-start | flex-end | center | stretch  ;
}

• auto
  It is the default value . No effect will be there.

Syntax :-

container
{
    display:flex;   
}
item
{
    align-self: auto ;
}

• flex-start

The item will aligned at the starting of the flex container (at the top). Syntax :-

container
{
    display:flex;   
}
item
{
    align-self: flex-start ;
}

• flex-end The items aligned at the end of the flex container (at the end).

Syntax :-

container
{
    display:flex;   
}
item
{
    align-self: flex-end ;
}

• center

The items aligned in the middle of the flex container (between top and bottom). Syntax :-

container
{
    display:flex;   
}
item
{
    align-self: center ;
}

• stretch

stretch will work until we give height of the item.

Syntax :-

container
{
    display:flex;   
}
item
{
    align-self: center ;
}

Example :-

Shorthand Properties :-

• flex-flow : - It is the shorthand property of flex and flex-direction.

Syntax :-

item 
{
flex-flow : column wrap | row wrap ;
}

• flex:- It is the shorthand property of flex-grow or shrink and flex-basis.

Syntax :-

item
{
flex :  <flex-grow || shrink> | flex-basis ;
}

Summary

In this article, we have covered flex basics and its properties. We also covered the shorthand properties of flex which is mostly used.

Source Code Link :-

github.com/simran-24/19Nov-fsjs-2.0/tree/main

Hope it was helpful!

Happy Learning!!

See you soon......